Cockatiels are a type of parrot native to Australia. They are the smallest member of the cockatoo family, and are known for their friendly and sociable nature. Cockatiels are also popular as pets due to their small size and ease of care.Cockatiels are found throughout the eastern and western regions of mainland Australia, as well as in the surrounding islands. They are commonly found in woodlands, savannas, and scrublands. They are also known to inhabit agricultural areas and suburban areas.Cockatiels have a distinctive appearance, with a gray and white plumage, and a yellow head crest. Male cockatiels also have bright orange cheek patches, while females have a more subdued gray patch. They have a long tail, and a hooked bill. Their wings are also short, which makes them unable to fly long distance.Cockatiels are known for their ability to mimic human speech and sounds, making them popular as pets. They also have a wide range of vocalizations, including whistles, chirps, and calls. They are also known to be very affectionate and bond closely with their owners.When kept as pets, cockatiels require a cage that is at least 20 inches by 20 inches by 30 inches. They also require a diet of seeds, fruits, vegetables, and a small amount of commercial pellet food. They also require fresh water and a cuttlebone or mineral block for beak maintenance. They also need social interaction and mental stimulation.In conclusion, cockatiels are a small parrot native to Australia known for their friendly and sociable nature. They are popular as pets due to their small size and ability to mimic human speech. They require a specific diet and a comfortable cage, and need social interaction and mental stimulation to thrive.